search by outcome
What the literature is about
Pick an outcome, get the peptides whose literature reports it. Every row carries its study. A reading list, not a leaderboard.
tendon repair #
7 peptides in the index carry a reported outcome in this group. Ordered by how many matching outcomes are recorded, how much indexed literature exists, and how far the peptide has progressed — the weighting is stated here so you can disagree with it.
01
BPC-157
why: tendon repair, wound healing reported in the indexed literature. Pentadecapeptide derived from a gastric juice protein sequence; studied for effects on angiogenesis and the ni
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy of Severe Electrolyte Disturbances in Rats — Current neuropharmacology 2026 ↗
02
Thymosin β4
why: wound healing reported in the indexed literature. G-actin sequestering protein; studied in wound repair, corneal healing and cardiac injury models.
Effects of Supplementation in Masters Athletes and Older Adults: A Narrative Review — Current sports medicine reports 2026 ↗
03
GHK-Cu
why: wound healing reported in the indexed literature. Copper-binding tripeptide complex studied for effects on collagen, elastin and antioxidant enzymes in skin.
Augmented Skin Beneficial Effects of Thermus Thermophilus and Bacillus Subtilis Mixed-Culture Fe… — Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) 2026 ↗
04
TB-500
why: tissue repair reported in the indexed literature. Actin-binding fragment of thymosin β4; the LKKTETQ motif is the actin-binding region described in the literatu
Effects of BPC-157 and TB-500 on Achilles tendon healing in rats: A histopathological and biomec… — Joint diseases and related surgery 2026 ↗
05
MGF
why: muscle repair signalling reported in the indexed literature. Splice variant of IGF-1 expressed after mechanical loading; the E-domain peptide is the studied fragment.
The emerging landscape of performance-enhancing peptides modulating GH-IGF1 axis: bridging the g… — Frontiers in endocrinology 2026 ↗
06
GHK
why: wound healing reported in the indexed literature. Matrix-derived tripeptide with high copper(II) affinity; described as a signal generated on tissue injury.
The Regenerative Potential of GHK-Cu in Aesthetic Medicine — Aesthetic surgery journal 2026 ↗
07
Cortagen
why: nerve regeneration in models reported in the indexed literature. Khavinson-series tetrapeptide studied in peripheral nerve models.
EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF PEPTIDE BIOREGULATORS ON THE "OLD" CHROMATIN — Georgian medical news 2023 ↗
fat loss #
11 peptides in the index carry a reported outcome in this group. Ordered by how many matching outcomes are recorded, how much indexed literature exists, and how far the peptide has progressed — the weighting is stated here so you can disagree with it.
01
AOD-9604
why: lipolysis, fat metabolism reported in the indexed literature. Growth-hormone C-terminal fragment studied for lipolytic activity without the full GH receptor profile.
Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions — Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews 2026 ↗
02
Semaglutide
why: weight loss reported in the indexed literature. GLP-1 receptor agonist; the acyl chain drives albumin binding and extends circulating half-life.
Hypoglycaemic coma induced by a falsified semaglutide product: a case report — European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice 2026 ↗
03
Tirzepatide
why: weight loss reported in the indexed literature. Dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist.
Decoding the hallmarks of GLP-1RA weight-loss super-responders — Biology methods & protocols 2026 ↗
04
Liraglutide
why: weight loss reported in the indexed literature. GLP-1 receptor agonist with fatty-acid acylation for albumin binding.
Real-world use of liraglutide for weight management according to label in the United Kingdom: A … — Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2025 ↗
05
Exenatide
why: weight loss reported in the indexed literature. GLP-1 receptor agonist resistant to DPP-4 cleavage.
Exendin-4 improves neurodevelopmental outcome after neonatal germinal matrix hemorrhage — Cell death & disease 2026 ↗
06
Tesamorelin
why: visceral fat reduction reported in the indexed literature. GHRH analogue; approved for HIV-associated lipodystrophy.
P-1230. Tesamorelin (EGRIFTA WR and EGRIFTA®) Formulations: Bioequivalence in Healthy Participan… — Open forum infectious diseases 2026 ↗
07
Setmelanotide
why: weight outcomes in trials reported in the indexed literature. MC4R agonist.
Bardet-Biedl Syndrome — StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL) 2026 ↗
08
Retatrutide
why: weight loss reported in the indexed literature. Triple agonist at GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptors.
The Triple-Agonist Revolution: Retatrutide and the Paradigm Shift in Multi-Hormonal Pharmacother… — Clinical pharmacology in drug development 2026 ↗
sleep #
2 peptides in the index carry a reported outcome in this group. Ordered by how many matching outcomes are recorded, how much indexed literature exists, and how far the peptide has progressed — the weighting is stated here so you can disagree with it.
01
Epitalon
why: circadian/melatonin effects in models reported in the indexed literature. Tetrapeptide from the Khavinson series, studied in relation to telomerase activity and pineal function in anim
Overview of Epitalon-Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide with Promising Properties — International journal of molecular sciences 2025 ↗
02
DSIP
why: sleep architecture effects in models reported in the indexed literature. Nonapeptide originally isolated from rabbit cerebral venous blood during induced sleep; mechanism not establis
<i>Pichia pastoris</i> secreted peptides crossing the blood-brain barrier and DSIP fusion peptid… — Frontiers in pharmacology 2024 ↗
skin & collagen #
6 peptides in the index carry a reported outcome in this group. Ordered by how many matching outcomes are recorded, how much indexed literature exists, and how far the peptide has progressed — the weighting is stated here so you can disagree with it.
01
GHK-Cu
why: collagen synthesis, skin firmness, hair follicle stimulation reported in the indexed literature. Copper-binding tripeptide complex studied for effects on collagen, elastin and antioxidant enzymes in skin.
Augmented Skin Beneficial Effects of Thermus Thermophilus and Bacillus Subtilis Mixed-Culture Fe… — Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) 2026 ↗
02
Palmitoyl pentapeptide-4
why: collagen synthesis, wrinkle depth reduction reported in the indexed literature. Procollagen fragment reported to signal matrix synthesis in dermal fibroblasts.
Constrained Evolutionary Design of Matrixyl Analogs: Balancing Permeability and Functional Prese… — bioRxiv 2026 ↗
03
Palmitoyl tripeptide-1
why: collagen synthesis, skin firmness reported in the indexed literature. Matrikine-derived signal peptide used in matrix-support formulations.
EGCG-Biotin-Pal-GHK composition modulates TGF-β and BMP pathways in scalp microenvironment for t… — European journal of pharmacology 2026 ↗
04
Acetyl hexapeptide-8
why: expression-line softening reported in the indexed literature. SNAP-25 mimetic studied for interference with SNARE complex assembly in vitro.
Public Interest in Acetyl Hexapeptide-8: Longitudinal Analysis — JMIR dermatology 2024 ↗
05
GHK
why: collagen synthesis reported in the indexed literature. Matrix-derived tripeptide with high copper(II) affinity; described as a signal generated on tissue injury.
The Regenerative Potential of GHK-Cu in Aesthetic Medicine — Aesthetic surgery journal 2026 ↗
06
Acetyl octapeptide-3
why: expression-line softening reported in the indexed literature. SNAP-25 N-terminal mimetic.
Clinical Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of a Dissolving Microneedle Patch Having Dual Anti-Wrink… — Annals of dermatology 2024 ↗
cognition #
7 peptides in the index carry a reported outcome in this group. Ordered by how many matching outcomes are recorded, how much indexed literature exists, and how far the peptide has progressed — the weighting is stated here so you can disagree with it.
01
Semax
why: cognition in models, neuroprotection in models, BDNF expression in models reported in the indexed literature. ACTH(4-7) analogue extended with Pro-Gly-Pro; studied in relation to BDNF expression in animal models.
The Potential of the Peptide Drug Semax and Its Derivative for Correcting Pathological Impairmen… — Acta naturae 2025 ↗
02
Dihexa
why: synaptogenesis in models, cognition in models reported in the indexed literature. Angiotensin IV analogue studied as an HGF/c-Met potentiator in neural models.
Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions — Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews 2026 ↗
03
Cerebrolysin
why: cognitive outcomes in trials reported in the indexed literature. Peptide preparation studied for neurotrophic-like activity.
Very Early Short-Course Cerebrolysin After Tenecteplase and Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Case Repo… — Case reports in neurological medicine 2026 ↗
04
Humanin
why: neuroprotection in models reported in the indexed literature. Mitochondrial-derived peptide studied for cytoprotective signalling.
Humanin ameliorates diabetes-induced testicular damage in a streptozotocin-induced mouse model — Experimental physiology 2026 ↗
05
Pinealon
why: neuroprotection in models reported in the indexed literature. Short regulatory peptide from the Khavinson series studied in neuronal models.
Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions — Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews 2026 ↗
06
Selank
why: BDNF expression in models reported in the indexed literature. Tuftsin analogue (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) extended with Pro-Gly-Pro; studied for anxiolytic-like activity in animal m
Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions — Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews 2026 ↗
07
Galanin
why: neuroprotection in models reported in the indexed literature. GAL1-3 receptor agonist; neuropeptide with roles in mood, feeding and nociception.
Exploring the causal role and mechanism of galanin in glioblastoma: integration of mendelian ran… — Frontiers in pharmacology 2026 ↗
GH axis #
10 peptides in the index carry a reported outcome in this group. Ordered by how many matching outcomes are recorded, how much indexed literature exists, and how far the peptide has progressed — the weighting is stated here so you can disagree with it.
01
Sermorelin
why: GH release, IGF-1 elevation reported in the indexed literature. The N-terminal 29 residues of GHRH — the shortest fully active fragment.
Cationic exchange SPE combined with triple quadrupole UHPLC-MS/MS for detection of GHRHs in urin… — Analytical biochemistry 2023 ↗
02
Ipamorelin
why: GH release, IGF-1 elevation reported in the indexed literature. Selective ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) agonist; described as releasing GH with minimal effect on cortisol or pro
Peptide Supplements and Their Therapeutic Applications in Sports Medicine — The American journal of sports medicine 2026 ↗
03
CJC-1295
why: GH release, IGF-1 elevation reported in the indexed literature. Growth hormone-releasing hormone analogue acting at GHRH receptors.
Peptide Supplements and Their Therapeutic Applications in Sports Medicine — The American journal of sports medicine 2026 ↗
04
Tesamorelin
why: IGF-1 elevation reported in the indexed literature. GHRH analogue; approved for HIV-associated lipodystrophy.
P-1230. Tesamorelin (EGRIFTA WR and EGRIFTA®) Formulations: Bioequivalence in Healthy Participan… — Open forum infectious diseases 2026 ↗
05
Octreotide
why: GH suppression reported in the indexed literature. Somatostatin analogue with SSTR2/SSTR5 selectivity.
Acromegaly Secondary to Ectopic Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Secretion From Metastatic Bronc… — Cureus 2026 ↗
06
Ghrelin
why: GH release reported in the indexed literature. Endogenous GHS-R1a agonist; the hunger hormone.
Alcohol Exposure Alters the Ghrelin System: In Vitro Mechanistic Insights Into Impaired Glucose … — Alcohol, clinical & experimental research 2026 ↗
07
GHRP-2
why: GH release reported in the indexed literature. Synthetic ghrelin receptor agonist.
Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide 2 May Be Associated With Decreased M1 Macrophage Production and… — Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association 2025 ↗
08
Hexarelin
why: GH release reported in the indexed literature. Synthetic GH secretagogue; also studied at CD36 in cardiac tissue.
Hexarelin promotes the survival of retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve transection — Indian journal of pharmacology 2026 ↗
inflammation #
9 peptides in the index carry a reported outcome in this group. Ordered by how many matching outcomes are recorded, how much indexed literature exists, and how far the peptide has progressed — the weighting is stated here so you can disagree with it.
01
KPV
why: anti-inflammatory activity, intestinal inflammation reduction reported in the indexed literature. C-terminal tripeptide of α-MSH; studied for anti-inflammatory activity independent of pigmentation effects.
Lysine-proline-valine peptide attenuates hepatic lipid accumulation through ROS-dependent regula… — Cytotechnology 2026 ↗
02
Thymosin β4
why: anti-inflammatory activity reported in the indexed literature. G-actin sequestering protein; studied in wound repair, corneal healing and cardiac injury models.
Effects of Supplementation in Masters Athletes and Older Adults: A Narrative Review — Current sports medicine reports 2026 ↗
03
Vilon
why: immune modulation reported in the indexed literature. Short regulatory dipeptide from the Khavinson peptide series, studied for immune and gene-expression effects.
Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macrophage … — International journal of molecular sciences 2022 ↗
04
LL-37
why: immune modulation reported in the indexed literature. Human cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide; forms an amphipathic helix that disrupts microbial membranes
Impact of cathelicidin cleavage by SpeB on <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> CovRS signaling — bioRxiv 2026 ↗
05
Thymulin
why: anti-inflammatory activity in models reported in the indexed literature. Zinc-dependent thymic hormone studied in T-cell differentiation.
Thymulin restrains age-associated myeloid inflammation and enhances cancer immunotherapy — Nature communications 2026 ↗
06
α-MSH
why: anti-inflammatory activity reported in the indexed literature. Endogenous melanocortin agonist; the parent of the MT-I/MT-II analogue family.
Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone promotes functional recovery in peripheral olfactory dysfun… — Neuropharmacology 2026 ↗
07
Met-enkephalin
why: immune modulation reported in the indexed literature. Endogenous opioid pentapeptide; delta-opioid receptor preferring.
Heat and cold stresses exert disparate effects on expression of proenkephalin, and concentration… — Poultry science 2026 ↗
08
VIP
why: anti-inflammatory activity in models reported in the indexed literature. VPAC1/VPAC2 receptor agonist; vasodilator and immunomodulator.
Intranasal delivery of a vasoactive intestinal peptide-based circRNA vaccine induces systemic an… — Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 2026 ↗
longevity #
7 peptides in the index carry a reported outcome in this group. Ordered by how many matching outcomes are recorded, how much indexed literature exists, and how far the peptide has progressed — the weighting is stated here so you can disagree with it.
01
NAD+
why: cellular energy metabolism, sirtuin activity reported in the indexed literature. Redox coenzyme and substrate for sirtuins and PARPs.
The role of redox state in regulating plant secondary metabolism under stress — Functional plant biology : FPB 2026 ↗
02
SS-31
why: mitochondrial function in models reported in the indexed literature. Cardiolipin-binding tetrapeptide studied for mitochondrial inner-membrane stabilisation.
Elamipretide (SS-31) promotes recovery by preserving mitochondrial bioenergetics and neural remo… — Neurochemistry international 2026 ↗
03
GHK-Cu
why: antioxidant activity reported in the indexed literature. Copper-binding tripeptide complex studied for effects on collagen, elastin and antioxidant enzymes in skin.
Augmented Skin Beneficial Effects of Thermus Thermophilus and Bacillus Subtilis Mixed-Culture Fe… — Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) 2026 ↗
04
Epitalon
why: telomerase activity in cell models reported in the indexed literature. Tetrapeptide from the Khavinson series, studied in relation to telomerase activity and pineal function in anim
Overview of Epitalon-Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide with Promising Properties — International journal of molecular sciences 2025 ↗
05
GHK
why: antioxidant activity reported in the indexed literature. Matrix-derived tripeptide with high copper(II) affinity; described as a signal generated on tissue injury.
The Regenerative Potential of GHK-Cu in Aesthetic Medicine — Aesthetic surgery journal 2026 ↗
06
Glutathione
why: antioxidant activity reported in the indexed literature. Principal intracellular thiol antioxidant and cofactor for glutathione peroxidases.
Observation of glutathione intra- and extracellular membrane with large Stokes shift probe modif… — Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology 2026 ↗
07
Carnosine
why: antiglycation activity in models reported in the indexed literature. Endogenous dipeptide studied as a pH buffer and carbonyl scavenger in muscle.
Carnosine-Related Metabolism in Rat Cardiomyocytes and Human Heart Tissue — FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 2026 ↗
gut #
6 peptides in the index carry a reported outcome in this group. Ordered by how many matching outcomes are recorded, how much indexed literature exists, and how far the peptide has progressed — the weighting is stated here so you can disagree with it.
01
Teduglutide
why: intestinal mucosal growth, nutrient absorption reported in the indexed literature. GLP-2 receptor agonist; Gly2 substitution confers DPP-4 resistance.
Optimizing teduglutide treatment regimens in children with short bowel syndrome — Frontiers in pediatrics 2026 ↗
02
GLP-2
why: intestinal mucosal growth, nutrient absorption reported in the indexed literature. GLP-2 receptor agonist; trophic to intestinal mucosa.
The Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Glucagon-like Peptide-2-Mediated Intestinal Lipid H… — International journal of molecular sciences 2026 ↗
03
Pramlintide
why: gastric emptying delay reported in the indexed literature. Amylin analogue acting at amylin/calcitonin receptor complexes.
Reversible peptide self-assembly enables sustained drug delivery with tuneable pharmacokinetics — bioRxiv 2026 ↗
04
Larazotide
why: intestinal permeability reduction reported in the indexed literature. Tight-junction regulator studied as a zonulin antagonist in intestinal permeability.
Preventive effects of Larazotide acetate (AT-1001) on non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD)… — Pediatrics and neonatology 2026 ↗
05
BPC-157
why: gastrointestinal protection reported in the indexed literature. Pentadecapeptide derived from a gastric juice protein sequence; studied for effects on angiogenesis and the ni
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy of Severe Electrolyte Disturbances in Rats — Current neuropharmacology 2026 ↗
06
GLP-1 (7-37)
why: gastric emptying delay reported in the indexed literature. Endogenous incretin; potentiates glucose-dependent insulin secretion.
Drugs are not cutting it: Patient motivations for metabolic and bariatric surgery despite glucag… — Surgery 2026 ↗
glucose control #
10 peptides in the index carry a reported outcome in this group. Ordered by how many matching outcomes are recorded, how much indexed literature exists, and how far the peptide has progressed — the weighting is stated here so you can disagree with it.
01
Semaglutide
why: glycaemic control reported in the indexed literature. GLP-1 receptor agonist; the acyl chain drives albumin binding and extends circulating half-life.
Hypoglycaemic coma induced by a falsified semaglutide product: a case report — European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice 2026 ↗
02
Tirzepatide
why: glycaemic control reported in the indexed literature. Dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist.
Decoding the hallmarks of GLP-1RA weight-loss super-responders — Biology methods & protocols 2026 ↗
03
Liraglutide
why: glycaemic control reported in the indexed literature. GLP-1 receptor agonist with fatty-acid acylation for albumin binding.
Real-world use of liraglutide for weight management according to label in the United Kingdom: A … — Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2025 ↗
04
Exenatide
why: glycaemic control reported in the indexed literature. GLP-1 receptor agonist resistant to DPP-4 cleavage.
Exendin-4 improves neurodevelopmental outcome after neonatal germinal matrix hemorrhage — Cell death & disease 2026 ↗
05
Pramlintide
why: postprandial glucose control reported in the indexed literature. Amylin analogue acting at amylin/calcitonin receptor complexes.
Reversible peptide self-assembly enables sustained drug delivery with tuneable pharmacokinetics — bioRxiv 2026 ↗
06
Insulin
why: glucose lowering reported in the indexed literature. Insulin receptor agonist.
Lipopolysaccharide binding triggers insulin inactivation and HDL-dependent clearance — Research Square 2026 ↗
07
Retatrutide
why: glycaemic control reported in the indexed literature. Triple agonist at GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptors.
The Triple-Agonist Revolution: Retatrutide and the Paradigm Shift in Multi-Hormonal Pharmacother… — Clinical pharmacology in drug development 2026 ↗
08
MOTS-c
why: insulin sensitivity in models reported in the indexed literature. Mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded in the 12S rRNA region; described as acting through AMPK and folate-cycl
MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-encoded interferon-linked host defense peptide — eLife 2026 ↗