database / longevity
Glutathione
also known as GSH
Skeletal structure drawn from the computed atomic coordinates in PubChem CID 124886. Carbons are implicit vertices, hydrogens on carbon suppressed. Every atom sits where PubChem placed it.
Sequence
Primary structure not characterised in the public record.
γ-Glu-Cys-Gly — the glutamate is linked through its side-chain carboxyl, not the α-carboxyl, so it is not a standard peptide bond and one-letter notation would be misleading.
Molecular data
| molecular formula | C10H17N3O6S |
|---|---|
| molecular weight | 307.33 Da (PubChem) |
| computed backbone mass | not characterised |
| length | not characterised |
| net charge (pH 7.4) | not characterised |
| mean hydropathy | not characterised |
| half-life | not characterised |
| delivery route | not characterised |
| PubChem CID | 124886 |
| PDB | not characterised |
| UniProt parent | not characterised |
Mechanism
Principal intracellular thiol antioxidant and cofactor for glutathione peroxidases.
Reported targets: reactive oxygen species glutathione transferases
Experimental structure
No experimental structure deposited in the PDB. A predicted fold is not a structure, so nothing is drawn.
Reported effects
Each row is an outcome described in the literature indexed for this peptide.
| reported outcome | where it appears |
|---|---|
| antioxidant activity | Observation of glutathione intra- and extracellular membrane with large Stok… Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology 2026 |
| detoxification pathways | GSH-Related Enzymes GPx4, Chac1, and GSTs and Redox Regulation of Ferroptosi… International journal of molecular sciences 2026 |
Registered trials
| NCT | title | status | phase |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT02182882 | Efficacy of Ginsana in Improving Half-time Hemoglobin Re-oxygenation in Healthy People | COMPLETED | PHASE2 |
| NCT06437210 | Evaluation of Treatment With Viusid in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome | COMPLETED | NA |
| NCT03590197 | Effect of Melatonin on Seizure Outcome, Neuronal Damage and Quality of Life in Patients With | COMPLETED | PHASE4 |
| NCT02299518 | Selinexor and Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Le | COMPLETED | PHASE1 |
| NCT06260215 | Recovery Kinetics Following a Soccer Training in Middle-aged Males | COMPLETED | NA |
Literature (8)
Observation of glutathione intra- and extracellular membrane with large Stokes shift probe modified by long alkyl chains — Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 42579264 · DOI 10.1007/s43630-026-00961-6
GSH-Related Enzymes GPx4, Chac1, and GSTs and Redox Regulation of Ferroptosis in Cancer — International journal of molecular sciences 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 42511695 · DOI 10.3390/ijms27146353
Cadmium Is Accumulated as Electron-Dense Nanoparticles, Not Bound to Glutathione (GSH), Phytochelatins or Metallothioneins, and Extruded to the Culture Medium with GSH in the Marine Alga Ulva compressa — International journal of molecular sciences 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
Cantharidin Causes Hepatotoxicity by Disrupting GSH-Mediated Redox Homeostasis — Journal of applied toxicology : JAT 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 42633976 · DOI 10.1002/jat.70396
The Role of Cellular Glutathione Redox Cycle and Glutathione in the Regulation of Ileum Contractility — International journal of molecular sciences 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 42589574 · DOI 10.3390/ijms27156920
Bypassing the bottleneck: Gamma-glutamylcysteine supplementation for brain glutathione enrichment in Alzheimer's disease — Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 42593278 · DOI 10.1177/13872877261474009
Stoichiometric glutathione stops Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions of Cu-chelating azides — Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · PMID 42483903 · DOI 10.1039/d6cc03119f
Glutathione Relevance in the Response of Ciliate <em>Tetrahymena thermophila</em> Against Metal(Loids) and Other Environmental Stressors — Preprints.org 2026
abstract not reproduced — this record is not open-access, so it is linked rather than copied.
publisher record ↗ · DOI 10.20944/preprints202607.1562.v1
The mechanism, illustrated
